英文散文翻译
发布时间:2017-02-14 来源: 散文精选 点击： 
英文散文翻译篇一：散文翻译
It was a day by itself, coming after a fortnight's storm and rain. The sun did not shine clearly, but it spread through the clouds a tender, diffused lights, crossed by lever cloud-bars, which stretched to a great length, quite parallel. The tints in the sky were wonderful, every conceivable shade of blue-gray, which contrived to modulate into the golden brilliance in which the sun was veiled. I went out in the afternoon. It was too early in the year for a heavy fall of leaves, but
nevertheless the garden was covered. They were washed to the sides of the roads, and lay heaped up over the road-gratings, masses of gorgeous
harmonies in red, brown and yellow. The chestnuts and acorns dropped in
showers, and the patter on the gravel was a little weird. The chestnut husks split wide open when they came to the ground, revealing the polished brown of the shy fruit.
翻译这段散文，尽量达到信达雅三种要求。
问题补充：两周的狂风暴雨之后，迎来了明媚的一天。阳光并不清澈，却穿过云层，弥散着温和的光，射成两条平行线。天空浓淡不同的颜色甚是好看：当太阳被云层蒙住的时候，亮金色的光，瞬间变化为任何你可以想像到的蓝灰色阴影。我在午后出门. 这一年的深秋来的格外早，因而花园被一团一团美丽的叶子，霜红、微黄、枯旧的叶子覆盖着。他们堆在路边，轻轻拍打着小石砾，发出微微奇怪的声音。栗子掉落在地上，外壳裂开，露出内里棕色有光泽的果肉。
这是一个每天本身，未来两星期后的风暴和暴雨。太阳没有光泽明显，但它传播到云彩招标，分散灯光，穿过杠杆云酒吧，其中延伸到一个伟大长度，相当平行。该色彩在天空中的美妙，每一个可以想象树荫下蓝灰色，这人为调节进入金色光芒的太阳隐晦。我出去在下午。这是太早在今年秋天了沉重的叶片，但花园覆盖。他们被冲走的道路两旁，并奠定堆起来的道路光栅，群众和声华丽的红色，褐色和黄色。与该栗子橡子下降阵雨，并急促的砾石是一点都不奇怪。板栗壳的分裂敞开时，他们来到地面，揭示了抛光褐色的害羞水果。
Relish the moment享受现在
Tucked away in our subconscious is an idyllic vision. We see ourselves on a long trip that spans the continent. We are traveling by train. Out of the windows, we drink in the passing scene of cars on nearby highways, of children waving
at a crossing, of cattle grazing on a distant hillside, of smoke pouring from a power plant, of row upon row of corn and wheat, of flatlands and valleys, of mountains and rolling hillsides, of city skylines and village halls。
我们的潜意识里藏着一派田园诗般的风光。我们仿佛身处一次横贯大陆的漫漫旅程之中。乘着火车，我们领略着窗外流动的景色：附近高速公路上奔驰的汽车、十字路口处招手的孩童、远山上吃草的牛群、源源不断地从电厂排放出的烟尘、一片片的玉米和小麦、平原与山谷、群山与绵延的丘陵、天空映衬下城市的轮廓，以及乡间的庄园宅第。
But uppermost in our minds is the final destination. On a certain day at a certain hour, we will pull into the station. Bands will be playing and flags
waving. Once we get there, so many wonderful dreams will come true and the pieces of our lives will fit together like a completed jigsaw puzzle. How restlessly we pace the aisles, damning the minutes for loitering --waiting, waiting, waiting for the station.
然而我们心里想得最多的却是最终的目的地。在某一天的某一时刻，我们将会抵达进站！迎接我们的将是乐队和飘舞的彩旗！一旦到了那儿，多少美梦将成为现实，我们的生活也将变得完整，如同一块终于拼好了的拼图！现在我们在火车的过道里不耐烦地踱来踱去，咒骂火车的拖拖拉拉！我们期待着，期待着，期待着火车进站的那一刻！
"When we reach the station, that will be it!" we cry.
“当我们到站的时候，一切就都好了！”我们呼喊着！
"When I'm 18."
“等我18岁的时候！”
"When I buy a new 450SL Mercedes Benz!"
“等我有了一辆新450SL奔驰的时候！”
"When I put the last kid through college."
“等我供最小的孩子念完大学的时候！”
"When I have paid off the mortgage!"
“等我偿清贷款的时候！”
"When I get a promotion."
“等我官升高任的时候！”
"When I reach the age of retirement, I shall live happily ever after!"
“等我到了退休的时候，就可以从此过上幸福的生活啦！”
Sooner or later, we must realize there is no station, no one place to arrive at once and for all. The true joy of life is the trip. The station is only a dream. It constantly outdistances us.
可是我们终究会认识到人生的旅途中并没有车站， 也没有能够“一到永逸”的地方！生活的真正乐趣在于旅行的过程，而车站不过是个梦，它始终遥遥领先于我们！
"Relish the moment "is a good motto, especially when coupled with Psalm 118：24: "This is the day which the Lord hath made; we will rejoice and be glad in it." It isn't the burdens of today that drive men mad. It is the regrets over yesterday and the fear of tomorrow. Regret and fear are twin thieves who rob us of today.
“享受现在”是句很好的箴言，尤其是当它与《圣经·诗篇》中第118页24行的一段话相映衬的时候，更是如此：“今日乃主所创造；生活在今日我们将欢欣、高兴！”真正让人发疯的不是今日的负担，而是对昨日的悔恨及对明日的恐惧！悔恨与恐惧是一对孪生窃贼，将今天从你我身边偷走！
So stop pacing the aisles and counting the miles. Instead, climb more
mountains, eat more ice cream, go barefoot more often, swim more rivers, watch more sunsets, laugh more, cry less. Life must be lived as we go along. The station will come soon enough.
所以不要在过道里徘徊了吧，别老惦记着你离车站还有多远！何不换一种活法，多去爬爬山，多吃点儿冰淇淋甜甜嘴巴，经常光着脚板儿溜达溜达，去河流里游游泳，多看看夕阳西下，多点欢笑，少点泪水！生活得一边过一边瞧！车站就会很快到达
英文散文翻译篇二：散文翻译的技巧
散文翻译
一、散文的特点
散文是文学中常见的体裁,它选材广泛,结构灵活,表现手法多样,如叙事!抒情!议论等,主要特点是：体物写志,行散神聚。―形散―是指散文运笔如风,不拘形式,清淡自然; ―神聚‖指意旨明确,紧凑集中,既散得开,又收得拢;既有豪放的特色,又有清幽的特征。真正的散文是充满诗意的,就像苹果里饱含着果汁一样(巴乌斯托夫斯基语)。优美的散文艺术性在于新颖的构思,充沛的感情,丰富的想像,简洁精粹的语言和耐人寻味的意境"散文也常常被比作小而境界深邃的园林。作者运笔看似信手拈来,实则字斟句酌,环环相扣,使读者浮想联翩。文论家刘勰说道: ―情动而言行,理发而文见‖,由此可见散文贵在以巧取胜,以巧妙的语言、巧的意境来打动读者,给读者以最大审美愉悦。既然散文有丰富的艺术魅力,那么它的审美效果又如何在译文中传达呢?俄国著名翻译家吉加切奇拉泽在《文艺翻译与文学交流》一书中谈到文艺翻译的总的指导原则时认为:―理想的文艺翻译首先是在艺术上,而不是在语言上和原文一致。即使达不到这一目标,也应全力以求,离目标越近越好‖。在加氏看来,作家的思想表现在文字形象以及一定的语调和节奏结构上，每个句子由若干语调、意群或若干句素组成,它们的意义合构成句子。因此,他认为文艺翻译的过程也应当根据上面的模式进行。不过译者不能机械地重复创作过程的所有阶段，译者应努力把通过文字形象表达的原作的思想用另一种语言再现出来,当然同时要有兼顾文学文本所特有的语调、节奏和句构特点，作为文学翻译形式之一的散文翻译,自然也要求译者在传译过程中,不仅要传达出原文的语流!节奏和句子结构等语义信息,更应着重传达原文的艺术神韵,以使目标读者在读译文时可以获得和原文读者读原文时同样的语义和美学的双重享受。
二、散文英译
以张培基的《英译中国现代散文选》为例：
(一)句子短小精悍,结构简单
从理论上说,英语语言与汉语语言相比,英语句子―常常是环扣相嵌,盘根错节,句中有句‖,也就是所谓的―楼房建筑法‖(architecture style) 。而汉语以散句、松句、紧缩句、省略句、流水句等短句居多[4 ] (P48 - 49) 。可见,在汉英翻译中,使用英语长句是理所当然的,也是符合语言规律的。
但在张先生英译的散文中,英语短句却屡见不鲜,正是这些短句的使用,形成了张先生译文―质朴‖的风格。在《差不多先生》( Mr. About - the - Same) 一文中,有这么一段话:
差不多先生的相貌和你和我差不多。他有一双眼睛,但看的不很清楚;有两只耳朵,但听得不很分明; 有鼻子和嘴,但他对于气味和口味都不很讲究。他的脑子也不小,但他的记性却不很精明,他的思想也不很细密。
Mr. Cha Buduo has the same physiognomy as you and I. | |He has a pair of eyes ,but doesn’t see clearly. | | He has a pair ofears ,but doesn’t hear well. | | He has a nose and a mouth ,butlacks a keen sense of smell and taste. | | His brain is none toosmall , but he is weak in memory and sloppy inthinking. (P18 - 26)
译文句子多为简单句和并列句,译文干净、利落,通俗易懂,给人一种清爽自然之美,而没有盘根错节之迷惑。
(二)用词简单、通俗
张培基先生在翻译散文时, 很少使用生僻词( bigwords) ,主要使用普通的形容词、副词和动词等,以达到言简意赅。例如:
1. 他的脑子也不小,但他的记性却不很精明,他的思想也不很细密。———《差不多先生传》His brain is none too small ,but he is weak in memory and sloppy in thinking.
2. 他用两手攀着上面,两脚再向上缩;他肥胖的身子向左微倾。??过铁道时,他先将橘子散放在地上,自己慢慢爬下,再抱起橘子走。———《背影》His hands held onto the upper part of the platform ,his legs huddled up and his corpulent body tipped slightly towards the left , ??In crossing the railway track,he first put the tangerines on the ground ,climbed down slowly and then picked them up again.
3. 燕子去了,有再来的时候; 杨柳枯了,有再青的时候;桃花谢了,有再开的时候。但是,聪明的,你告诉我,我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢? ———《匆匆》If swallows go away ,they will come back again. If willows wither,they will turn green again. If peach blossoms fade,they will flower again. But ,tell me ,you the wise ,why should our days go by never to return ?
从以上的摘录我们可以看出,张先生翻译的风格用词方面朴实无华,对保存原文风格起到至关重要的作用。
(三)修辞上力求通俗易懂
一般说来,散文中修辞格用得相当少。但张培基先生在翻译中对于这一小部分语言要素也不忽略,认真处理,使译文没有生硬的感觉。例如:
1. 他也说我一天不写文章第二天就没有饭吃。 ———《朋友》(借代)
He also says that I would have nothing to live on once I should lay down my pen.
意译法处理该句符合英语表达习惯,如直译为―have no rice to eat‖,一定会引起歧义,让人费解。
2. 弓儿似的新月,挂在树梢。———《笑》(明喻)
The crescent new moon looked as if hanging on the tips of the trees.
译文仍然用比喻的修辞手法翻译原文的比喻,但却转移了喻体, ―弓儿似的‖如果直译成bow - like ,看似形象,但不符合英语对新月的描述习惯,译文将比喻落在了动作上,形象地再现了―新月挂树梢‖的样子。
3. 木匠老陈那时不过四十岁光景,脸长得像驴子脸。 ———《木匠老陈》Carpenter Lao Chen was then only about forty years old ,with a longish face like that of a donkey ??
此句采用直译法,既传达了意愿,又兼顾了译文的习惯。
4. 什么有轮齿的锯子啦,有两个耳朵的刨子啦? ———《木匠老陈》(暗
喻)
such as the saw with toothed blade ,the plane with two ear -like handles.增词法符合英语表达习惯。
以上例句对修辞的处理恰到好处,把原文的修辞意义用朴实地道的语言表现了出来,与散文文体本身的风格是一致的。
（四）逻辑关系清晰
英语通常采用形合法连接,而汉语却用意合法连接。也就是说,英语造句用各种―形式手段‖来连接词、语、分句或从句,注重显性接应,表达语法意义和逻辑关系;而汉语通过词语或分句的―含义‖表达语法意义和逻辑关系。汉译英至关重要的一步就是弄清汉语各句之间的逻辑关系。张培基先生在翻译散文时,使用适当的句型表现逻辑关系,译文通俗易懂。例如:
1. 那年冬天,祖母死了,父亲的差使也交卸了,正是祸不单行的日子。 ———《背影》Misfortunes never come singly. In the winter of more than two years ago ,grandma died and father lost his job.
原文事实在前,结论在后;译文结论在前,事实在后。调整结论与事实的顺序,更符合西方人逻辑思维习惯。
2. 世代为地主耕种,家境是贫穷的,和我们来往的朋友也都是老老实实的贫苦农民。———《母亲的回忆》From generation to generation ,they tilled land for landlords only to eke out a bare subsistence.
―only to‖表明一种结果关系。
3. 可是她的时间大半给家务和耕种占去了,没法照顾孩子,只好让孩子们在地里爬着。———《母亲的回忆》But she was too busily occupied with household chores and farming to look after the kids so that they were left alone crawling about in the fields.
too…to表示一种逻辑上的因果关系, so that 表示结果。
(五)对文化障碍进行增补或诠释
文化因素如果处理不当,就会成为理解的障碍。对于散文来说,任何令人费解的成分都是应该清除的。张培基先生采用了增词法、意译法等消除了这些障碍。例如:
1. 有时也兼做点农作, 芒种的时节, 便帮人家插秧. ———《为奴隶的母亲》Sometimes he also worked in the fields ;early each summer he turned farm – hand.
芒种是中国的24 节气之一,直译法必须加注,否则会让人费解,意译法简洁明了。
2.那真是祖宗三代的楣都要倒尽,那里还有什么―官人请! 娘子请!‖的唱随之乐可说呢? ———《谈结婚》With such a terrible misfortune be falling your family , how could you still have wedded bliss to speak of ?
―官人请! 娘子请!‖是中国文化表达闺房之乐的典型例子,如果直译,西方人一定会茫然不知其意。用类属词就克服了文化差异。
3. 他姓差,名不多。———《差不多先生传》His surname is Cha and his given name ,Buduo ,which altogether mean―About the Same‖.
此句用增补法,补充了中文―差不多‖的意义,目的语读者就能理解这篇文章的中心内容了。
文化因素经过合理处理,以读者能够理解的形式进入目的语。对保存散文―质
朴‖的风格也起了很大的作用。
(六) 再以朱自清的《荷塘月色》为例，来看散文翻译的
All over this winding stretch of water, what meets the eye is a silken field of leaves, reaching rather high above the surface, like the skirts of dancing girls in all their grace. Here and there, layers of leaves are dotted with white lotus blossoms, some in demure bloom, others in shy bud, like scattering pearls, or twinkling stars, or beauties just out of the bath. A breeze stirs, sending over breaths of fragrance, like faint singing drifting from a distant building.
原文共有四个句子,结构并不复杂,语调平和,节奏舒缓.叠词的交错使用,使文章读来富有音乐美,如―曲曲折折、田田、亭亭、层层、粒粒、缕缕、‖等具有明显放慢节奏的功能。作者似乎在营造一种复杂的氛围,表达―淡淡的喜悦、淡淡的忧愁"译者也是着意塑造一种幽雅、恬静的意境,选用winding stretch把蜿蜒曲折的荷塘、一望无际的荷塘夜景呈现给读者;也会
使读者想到荷叶像丝绸那般轻盈美丽,同时也增添了朦胧感;非常形象地传达了原文的神韵,风姿绰约的舞女形象飘然而至,译出了原文的内含;breaths of fragrance译―缕缕清香‖完全活化出了这一段,读者仿佛能透过纸背闻到荷花的清香.译者在用词上是下了工夫的,用小词译深意,以常用词写景,表达非常之心境.整段译文用词丰富\声调悦耳,完美而准确地表达了原作者的心情.从音节上来看,词汇以单音节为主,间或有多音节,使译文读来错落有致,舒缓有度,富有变化"可以说译者从音、形、义等层面均成功再现了原文的情韵。
篇章节奏是一种语言组织现象,有规律的重复,行成一种感觉,营造一种气氛,激起一种感情。节奏一般包括押韵、长短句的分布、对偶、排比和重复等。原文的节奏在译文里可以用平行结构和借助音律、头韵、变语等修辞手段来传递其美学效果"请看下面的引文:
我爱热闹,也爱冷静;爱群居,也爱独处
I like a serene and peaceful life, as much as a busy and active one; I like being solitude, as much as in company.
原文结构对称,表达作者自己对自由而安宁的生活的向往.译者用了两个非常巧妙地把前后部分紧密地连接起来,不但保留原文的平行结构,原文的韵味藏于字里行间,也传递了原文的均衡美.
三、散文汉译
下面以英国著名学者和文学家本?约翰森的的名篇《致切斯菲尔德伯爵书》为例探讨散文翻译的若干技巧。
《致切斯菲尔德伯爵书》原文：
My Lord(1)，
I have been lately informed, by the proprietor of The World(2), that two Papers, in which my Dictionary is recommended to the Public(3), were written by your Lordship. To be so distinguished, is an honor(4), which, being very little accustomed to(5) favors from the Great(6), I know not well how to receive, or
in what terms to acknowledge(7).
When, upon some slight encouragement(8), I first visited your Lordship, I was overpowered, like the rest of Mankind(9), by the enchantment of your address; and could not forbear(10) to wish that I might boast myself Le vainqueur du vainqueur de la terre (11)— that I might obtain that regard for which I saw the world(12) contending; but I found my attendance(13) so little encouraged, that neither pride nor modesty would suffer(14) me to continue it.(15)
When I had once addressed your Lordship in public, I had exhausted all the art of pleasing which a retired and uncouthly scholar(16) can possess. I had done all that I could; and no Man is well pleased to have his all(17) neglected, be it ever so little.
Seven years, My Lord, have now past, since I waited in your outward Rooms, or was repulsed from your Door(18); during which time I have been pushing on my work through difficulties, of which it is useless to complain(19), and have brought it, at last, to the verge of Publication, without one act of assistance, one word of encouragement, or one smile of favor(20). Such treatment I did not expect, for I never had a Patron before.
The Shepherd in Virgil grew at last acquainted with Love, and found him a Native of the Rocks(21).
Is not a Patron, My Lord, one who looks with unconcern on a man struggling for life in the water, and, when he has reached ground, encumbers him with help?(22) The notice which you have been pleased to take of my Labors,(23) had it been early, (24) had been kind; but it has been delayed till I am indifferent, and cannot enjoy it; till I am solitary,(25) and cannot impart it; till I am known, and do not want it(26). I hope it is no very cynical asperity(27) not to confess obligations(28) where no benefit has been received, or to be unwilling that the Public should consider me as owing that to a Patron, which Providence has enabled me to do for myself.(29)
Having carried on my work thus far with so little obligation to any Favorer of Learning,(30) I shall not be disappointed though I should conclude it(31), if less be possible, with less; or I have been long wakened from that dream of hope, in which I once boasted myself with so much exultation(32), My Lord, Your Lordship’s Most Humble,
Most Obedient Servant,
Sam: Johnson
February 7,1755
伯爵大人：
近日从《世界报》馆主得知，该报刊载了两篇文章，对拙编词典颇多举荐滥美之词，这些文章据悉均出自阁下您的手笔。承蒙您如此的推崇，本应是一种荣耀，只可惜在下自来无缘得到王公大人的青睐，所以真不知道该如何来领受这份荣耀，也不知道该用些什么言辞来聊表谢意。
英文散文翻译篇三：篇章翻译-散文汉译英
篇章翻译（汉译英）
1.
幸福
许多人认为当他们富有，取得成功时，幸福自然就会随之而来。我告诉你：事实并非如此。世界上有很多富人，但是他们却很痛苦，犹如生活在地狱中。在我看来，如果你是通过运气或是不诚实的手段而获得钱财，你会知道那并不是辛苦挣来的钱；如果通过利用别人或是伤害别人而获得钱财，你不会因此高兴。你会认为自己是个卑鄙的人。长期的幸福是建立在诚实，有成果的工作，贡献和自尊的基石上的。
幸福并不是终点，而是种过程。那是一个持续地通过诚实，有成果的工作为他人奉献的过程，这样做也会让你感到自己是一个有用的且有价值的人。如果你等待某些事情的发生或依靠生活的外部环境来让你自己感到幸福，你总也不会感到满足。总会有些事与你失之交臂
On Happiness
1
Many people think that when they become rich and successful，happiness will naturally follow.Let me tell you that nothing is further from the truth.The world is full of very rich people who are miserable as if they were living in hell.
To my mind，If you obtain wealth through luck or dishonest means，you will know that it is ill earned money .If you get your money by taking advantage of others or by hurting others, you will not be happy with it.You will think you are a base person. Long－term happiness is based on honesty， productive work， contribution， and self－esteem.
Happiness is not an end; it is a process.It is a continuous process of honest， productive work which makes a real contribution to others and makes you feel you are a useful, worthy person. If you wait for certain things to happen and depend on external circumstances of life to make you happy, you will always feel unfulfilled. There will always be something missing.
。
2. 行路难，但人生之路谁都要走。有的人在赶路，心急切切，步急匆匆。眼中只有目标却忽略了风景。可路迢迢不知哪儿是终点。有的人如游客，不急不慌，走走停停，看花开花落，看云卷云舒，有时也在风中走，雨中行，心却像张开的网，放过焦躁苦恼。
人生之路谁不走？只是走路别忽略了一路的良辰美景。
2. To go on a journey is often full of hardships, but so long as one lives he proceeds on his life’s journey. Different people go along differently. Some take hasty steps in anxiety. Obsessed with reaching the next goal in time, they spare no time for sightseeing along the way, nor do they have a clear view of where their long roads end.
Others travel leisurely like tourists. They would take time off now and then for a look at blooming flowers or fallen petals. They would stop to admire clouds gathering and dispersing. Even when they go against the wind or are caught in the rain, they never get annoyed, for worries slip off their minds as from an open net.
Everyone goes his way in life. What makes a difference is: does he have a pleasant trip enjoying the landscape along the way?
3. 我最大的爱好是沉思默想。我可以一个人长时间地独处而感到愉快。独享欢乐是一种愉快，独自忧伤也是一种愉快。孤独的时候，精神不会是一片纯粹的空白，它仍然是一个丰富多彩的世界。情绪上的大欢乐和大悲痛往往都是在孤独中产生的。孤独中，思维可以不依照逻辑进行。孤独更多地产生人生的诗情——激昂的和伤感的。孤独可以使人的思想向更遥远更深邃的地方伸展，也能使你对自己或环境作更透彻的认识和检讨。
3. My greatest avocation is musing. I can stay by myself for a long time without feeling disconsolate in the least. Happiness enjoyed alone is a pleasure, so is sorrow tasted privately. In solitude, the mind is not a complete blank; it remains a rich and colorful world. Solitude often induces ecstasy or anguish, and allows thinking to wander in a random way. She inspires the mood for poems, passionate or pathetic. She also enables people to think further and deeper and to have a more thorough understanding and examination of themselves and their environment.
4. 一个人的生命究竟有多大意义。这有什么标准可以衡量吗? 提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。 古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。
meaning of one’s existence his attitudes are towards work and life．
，all people of accomplishment take their lives seriously，．．
5. 大自然对人的恩赐。无论贫富，一律平等。所以人们对于大自然，全都一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，锄草和栽花；在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌；往日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样．每个地方都有自己的传说。风俗也就衍传了下来。
5. The gifts of nature are equally granted to all human beings, be they rich or poor．Hence human beings are all heavily dependent on nature for livelihood．This is particularly true of rural communities where people have lived in the same way for thousands of years．They plant crops and grapes, brew and drink wine，feed and milk cows，weed gardens and grow flowers．They go to church for prayer on weekends, play the violin．sing and dance on squares at festivals．The age—old farmland remains the sweet home of today．Thus, every part of the world has its own folklores that are handed down together with its customs．
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