天下第一趵突泉_趵突泉甘数第一

　　泉水是济南的灵魂与血脉,所以济南被称“泉城”。众多泉水形成了发达的水系,四大泉群、“七十二名泉”将这座城市滋润得有如江南,“一城山色半城湖”成为她最好的注脚。为了让世界更好地了解这座钟灵毓秀之城,将济南的“泉”文化推而广之,我们开设了“泉韵”栏目,以飨读者。
　　
　　趵突泉是古泺水之源,古时称“泺”,宋代已称“趵突泉”,亦有“娥英水”、“温泉”、“槛泉”、“瀑流泉”、“三股水”的别称或俗称。泉池呈长方形,长30米、宽18米、深2.2米。泉水一年四季恒定在摄氏18度左右,最大涌量达16.2万立方米/日,为该泉群中涌量最大的泉。
　　趵突泉北邻泺源堂,西傍观澜亭,东架来鹤桥,南有长廊围合。趵突泉泉水三窟并发,声如隐雷,“泉源上奋,水涌若轮”。严冬,水面上水气袅袅,像一层薄薄的烟雾,一边是泉池幽深、波光粼粼,一边是楼阁彩绘、雕梁画栋,构成了一幅奇妙的人间仙境。“趵突腾空”被古人列为济南八景之一。历代著名文学家、哲学家、诗人诸如曾巩、苏轼、张养浩、王守仁、蒲松龄等都有吟泉佳作和美文。相传,乾隆皇帝下江南时,沿途饮用北京玉泉水,当品尝趵突泉水后,便立即改用趵突泉水,并把玉泉改为“玉泉趵突”,将趵突泉封为“天下第一泉”。此泉用来烹茶,味醇色鲜,游人常来此品茗以助游兴,有“不饮趵突水,空负济南游”之说。
　　
　　As the source of the old Luoshui River, the Baotu Spring was called “Luo” in ancient times. It has been called Baotu Spring since the Song Dynasty (960-1279A.D.), with Erying Shui (Water), Hot Spring, Jian Spring, Puliu (Waterfall) Spring, and Sangu Shui(Spring water gushing out from three spring mouths) as its alternative names or common names. Forming an oblong shape, the spring pond is 30m in length, 18m in width and 2.2m in depth. The Baotu Spring, with its water at a constant temperature of about 18 degrees Celsius all year long, is the one with the largest outflow volume among all the Baotu Spring cluster, able to achieve a maximum of 162,000 cubic meters per day.
　　The Baotu Spring is adjacent to LuoYuan Hall to the north, close to GuanLan Pavilion to the west,with Laihe Bridge in the east, and surrounded by a long corridor in the south. The spring water of the Baotu Spring gushes out from three spring mouths at the same time, creating a thunderous sound, which has been described as “the spring water is vigorously gushing out like driven wheels”. In cold winter, the water surface is suffused with vapor, like a thin layer of mist spreading in the air. A fantastic fairyland is created by the combination of deep spring pond and glistening waves as well as the colored pavilions and carved beams and painted rafters. The view of “Gushing Baotu Spring” was listed by the ancients as one of the eight Jinan scenic spots. The famous litterateurs, philosophers and poets such as Zeng Gong (a famous litterateur in 1019-1083A.D.), Su Shi (a famous ci poet in 1037-1101A.D.), Zhang Yanghao (a famous sanqu poet in 1269-1329A.D.), Wang Shouren (a famous philosopher in 1472-1529A.D.), and Pu Songling (a famous novelist in 1640-1715A.D.) all praised the “springs’ in their famous works.
　　According to legend, when going southwards to Jiangnan (the region south of the Yangtze River), Emperor Qianlong (one of the famous emperors in Qing Dynasty (1644-1911A.D.) took with him some water from the Yu (Jade) Spring in Beijing to drink along the way. Having tasted the water of Baotu Spring, he immediately decided to drink it instead from that moment on, and renamed the Yu Spring as Yuquan Baotu, praising the Baotu Spring as the “No.1 Spring in the World”. Tea made with Baotu Spring water will become scented in taste and fresh in color. Visitors often drink tea here to add their pleasure of travel, as the saying goes, “It is meaningless to visit Jinan without drinking the water of Baotu Spring”.

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