前哨淋巴结切除术治疗早期中期乳腺癌的临床分析

　　[摘要] 目的 研究前哨淋巴结切除术应用于早期中期乳腺癌治疗中的临床效果。方法 方便选取2014年1月—2017年2月间在该院治疗的103例早期、中期（T2N0M0）乳腺癌患者，按治疗方法不同分为对照组和实验组，对照组（53例）采取腋窝淋巴结清扫术治疗，实验组（50例）采用前哨淋巴结切除术，比较两组前哨淋巴结切除率、腋窝引流时间、平均住院时间、并发症发生率。结果 两组患者前哨淋巴结切除率均为100%，实验组患者腋窝引流时间（6.9±1.3）d、平均住院时间（7.9±2.1）d均明显低于对照组（10.3±2.4）d、（12.7±2.7）d（P<0.05）；实验组患侧出现不同程度的肿胀、疼痛、麻木、活动受限、感觉消退等并发症发生率4.00%、4.00%、8.00%、2.00%、4.00%均明显低于对照组26.42%、35.85%、41.51%、20.75%、52.83%（P<0.05）；术后随访1年两组均为出现死亡及复发。结论 前哨淋巴结清扫术治疗早期乳腺癌可以明显缩短腋窝引流时间及住院时间，降低并发症发生率，提高治疗效果，值得推广应用。
　　[关键词] 前哨淋巴结切除术；早期乳腺癌；治疗效果
　　[中图分类号] R4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2018）01（c）-0097-03
　　[Abstract] Objective This paper tries to study the clinical effect of sentinel lymph node resection in the treatment of early stage breast cancer. Methods A total of 103 patients with early and mid-term （T2N0M0） breast cancer who were treated in this hospital from January 2014 to February 2017 were convenient divided into control group and experimental group according to different treatment methods. The control group（53 cases） was treated by axillary lymph node dissection. The experimental group（50 cases） was treated by sentinel lymph node dissection. The resection rate of sentinel lymph nodes， axillary drainage time， average length of hospital stay and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results The sentinel lymph node resection rate was 100% in the two groups. The average time of hospitalization was（6.9±1.3）d and the average hospitalization time（7.9±2.1）d in the experimental group， significantly lower than that in the control group of （10.3±2.4）d， （12.7±2.7）d（P<0.05）. The incidence of complication was 4.00%、4.00%、8.00%、2.00% and 4.00% in the experimental group with different degrees of swelling， pain， numbness， activity limitation and feeling， lower than that of the control group（26.42%， 35.85%， 41.51%， 20.75%， 52.83%， P<0.05）. All patients were followed up for one year and without recurrence. Conclusion Sentinel lymph node dissection can shorten the time of axillary drainage and hospitalization time， reduce the incidence of complications and improve the therapeutic effect. It is worthy to be popularized and used.
　　[Key words] Sentinel lymphadenectomy； Early breast cancer； Treatment effect
　　乳腺癌發病率呈逐年升高的趋势，严重威胁着女性的生命健康[1]。以往多采用腋窝淋巴结清扫术治疗，但是术后并发症较多，且对无腋窝淋巴结转移患者的生存无明显益处。近年来有临床资料指出前哨淋巴结清扫术治疗早期、中期乳腺癌术后患者并发症发生率较低，患者生存质量明显改善[2]。因此该研究方便选择2014年1月—2017年2月间在该院治疗的50例早期、中期（T2N0M0）乳腺癌患者作为研究对象，分析了前哨淋巴结切除术应用于早期乳腺癌治疗中的临床治疗效果，现汇报如下。
　　1 资料与方法
　　1.1 一般资料

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