密集烤房与普通烤房烘烤中烟叶色素和多酚含量的变化分析

　　摘 要：为了探讨密集烤房与普通烤房烘烤过程中烟叶色素和多酚类物质含量的变化差异，测定了烘烤过程中关键温度点的色素含量、多酚氧化酶活性和多酚类物质含量。结果表明，密集烤房与普通烤房烘烤过程叶绿素总量、叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量变化差异较小。与普通烤房相比，密集烤房烘烤过程中类胡萝卜素含量总体较高；类叶比则表现出先升高后降低的变化趋势，烘烤结束时密集烤房的类叶比较高。密集烘烤过程中多酚氧化酶活性较低，多酚类物质含量较高，说明密集烘烤烤后烟叶趋于变黄充分，不易发生棕色化反应，有利于烟叶烤黄。
　　关键词：密集烤房；普通烤房；色素；多酚氧化酶；多酚类物质
　　中图分类号：S572.09 文章编号：1007-5119（2015）01-0090-06 DOI：10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2015.01.017
　　Change Difference of Pigment and Polyphenol Contents between Bulk-curing Barn and Traditional Flue-curing Barn during Curing Process
　　DONG Shujun1，2， HUANG Mingdi3， WANG Yaofeng4， YANG Shuxun3， ZHAO Cunxiao4， XIA Wei3，
　　QIAO Wanpeng3， SUN Fushan1*， WANG Aihua1， WANG Songfeng1， SUN Yangyang1，2
　　（1. Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing， Ministry of Agriculture， Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS， Qingdao 266101， China； 2. Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Beijing 100081， China； 3. Longnan Tobacco Company of Gansu Province， Longnan， Gansu 746000， China； 4. Qingyang County Tobacco Company of Gansu Province， Qingyang， Gansu 745000， China）
　　Abstract： Experiments were conducted to explore the change differences of pigment and polyphenol substances contents between bulk-curing barn and traditional flue-curing barn during curing process. The experiment measured pigment contents， polyphenol oxidase activities and polyphenols contents at critical temperature points during curing process. The results showed that contents of total chlorophyll， chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b had little differences between the two curing processes. Bulk-curing barn had more carotenoid contents during curing process. The ratio of carotenoid and chlorophyll increased firstly and then decreased， and at the end of curing process， the ratio of carotenoid and chlorophyll was high. During bulk-curing barn curing process， polyphenol oxidase activities were lower and polyphenol substances contents were higher than traditional flue-curing barn. Therefore， flue-cured tobacco leaves in bulk-curing had higher yellowing degree， less browning reaction， and in favor of tobacco leaves turning yellow.
　　Keywords： bulk-curing barn； traditional flue-curing barn； pigment； polyphenol oxidase； polyphenol substance
　　烟叶烘烤是色素等大分子物质降解转化及香气物质生成的复杂生理生化变化过程[1]。烘烤过程中的生理生化变化对烤后烟品质有决定性影响，色素是香气物质形成的重要前体物质[2]，多酚氧化酶活性与多酚类物质含量影响烟叶的颜色、吃味和香气等。因此，研究烟叶烘烤过程中色素与多酚类物质含量的变化对烤后烟的提质增香具有重要意义。密集烤房已在各烟区推广，密集烘烤具有操作简
　　基金项目：甘肃省烟草专卖局项目“甘肃陇南特色优质烟叶研究与开发”（20130089），“甘肃庆阳特色优质烟叶研究与开发”（QYYCKJ2013-001）；云南省烟草公司科技项目“保山烟区红花大金元烟叶采烤关键技术研究与推广”（2013YN33）；四川省烟草专卖局项目“提高烟叶密集烘烤质量综合配套技术集成与推广”（SCYC201402004）

相关热词搜索：烟叶 烘烤 色素 密集 含量