不同散叶密集烘烤方式对烟叶质量及经济效益的影响

　　摘要 [目的]探索烤煙生产减工降本、提质增效的技术措施，研究散叶烘烤和挂杆烘烤对烟叶质量和经济效益的影响，以期为散叶烘烤推广提供理论支撑。[方法]试验分2个部分进行，试验一选取素质一致的第8～12叶位鲜烟叶，设置散烟堆放、散烟插扦及挂杆对照3个处理；试验二选取素质一致的第8～12叶位鲜烟叶，设置散叶堆放，装烟密度分别65和55 kg/m2；散叶插扦，装烟密度分别75 和65 kg/m2共 4个处理。分析处理间的用工成本、经济性状、烟叶质量及化学成分的差异。[结果] 散叶堆放对提高密集烤房的装烟量有限，但用工量可降低60%以上；散叶插扦可有效提高密集烤房装烟量，装烟量可提高15%以上，用工量可降低40%以上。 散叶插扦适宜的装烟量在65～75 kg/m2，散叶堆放适宜的装烟量在55～65 kg/m2。 散叶烘烤可有效降低烤青烟的比例，但杂色烟的比例增加，散叶烘烤烤后效果综合评价高于挂杆烘烤，尤其是颜色、成熟度、油分等指标都有提高。[结论]从装烟量、用工量、外观评价及协调性综合评价认为，散烟烘烤的质量和经济效益更好，可在皖南烟区进一步推广。
　　关键词 散叶烘烤；挂杆烘烤；烟叶质量；效益分析
　　Effect on Tobacco Leaf Quality and Economic Benefits of Different Loose Leaf Bulk Curing Ways
　　ZHU Pei1，REN Si-hai2*，WANG Wen-jie1 et al （1.Chizhou Branch of Anhui Tobacco Company，Chizhou，Anhui 247100；2.Tobacco Research Institute of AnHui Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Hefei，Anhui 230001 ）
　　Abstract [Objective]To explore the measures for saving labor force and energy，and improving quality and efficiency，the effect of loose curing and traditional curing on tobacco leaf quality and economic benefits were studied，in order to provide theoretical support for the extension of loose curing.[Method] The test was divided into two parts，choosing the 8-12 position leaf with consistent quality，setting three treatments as loose leaf pile，loose leaf inserted and traditional curing（CK）；choosing the 8-12 position leaf with consistent quality，setting four treatments as loose leaf pile，loose leaf inserted；Differences of the amount of labor，economic benefits the appearance evaluation and the coordination among treatments were analyzed.[Result]The results were as follows： Loose leaf pile was limited to increase the capacity of curing barn，but the amount of labor can reduce over 60%；Loose leaf inserted skewer was effective for increasing the capacity，more than 15%，the amount of labor can reduce over 40%.Loading tobacco weight of loose leaf inserted skewer was 65-75 kg/m2，and the loose leaf pile was 55-65 kg/m2.Loose curing can reduce effectively veins leaf，but increase the motley leaf.The overall quality of loose curing was all higher than traditional curing，especially in several aspects as colour，maturity，oil.[Conclusion] According to the comprehensive evaluation of the quantity of tobacco，the amount of labor，the appearance evaluation and the coordination，the quality and economic benefits of the loose curing were better.It can be further popularized in South Anhui Tobacco area.
　　Key words Loose curing；Traditional curing；Tobacco leaf quality；Economic benefits

相关热词搜索：烟叶 烘烤 经济效益 密集 方式