平顶山市叶县植烟土壤和烟叶硼锌钼含量状况分析

发布时间:2019-08-24 来源: 感恩亲情 点击:


  摘要 [目的] 为了分析土壤有效硼、锌、钼含量和烟叶B、Zn、Mo含量。[方法] 2012年采用采样调查和分析测试的手段,分别采集平顶山叶县烟区土壤和烟叶样品。 [结果] 叶县烟区42.86%的植烟土壤缺硼,龚店、叶邑、水寨和仙台土壤缺硼较严重;叶县烟区土壤总体呈现极度缺锌状况,其中龚店、叶邑、夏李、仙台、龙泉和廉村土壤有效锌含量极度缺乏;叶县烟区28.57%的植烟土壤缺钼,洪庄杨和廉村土壤有效钼含量最低;叶县烟叶平均硼含量为27.51 mg/kg,邓李烟叶硼含量最低;叶县烟叶平均锌含量为19.11 mg/kg,洪庄杨、水寨和叶邑烟叶锌含量最低。叶县烟叶平均钼含量为0.27 mg/kg,其中,龙泉和夏李烟叶钼含量最低。[结论]该研究对于叶县浓香型烟叶生产中合理施用微量元素肥料、提高烟叶产量和品质具有一定的理论和实践意义。
  关键词 烟草;硼锌钼;农艺性状;产量;产值
  中图分类号 S572 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2014)25-08566-03
  Abstract [Objective]The research aimed to measure available boron, zinc, molybdenum contents in soil and B, Zn, Mo contents in leaf samples. [Method] In 2012, the sampling and analysistesting means were adopted, and tobaccogrowing soil and tobacco leaf samples in Pingdingshan City, Yexian County, were collected. [Result] The areas of tobaccoplanting soil boron deficiency in Yexian County was 42.86%.In Gong Dian, Ye Yi, Shui Zhai and Xian Tai, leaf boron deficiency was more serious. Tobaccogrowing soil in Yexian County showed the extreme zinc deficiency condition, wherein, soil available Zn contents of Gong Dian, Ye Yi, Xia Li, Xian Tai, Long Quan, and Lian Cun were very little. Mo deficiency of Yexian County tobaccoplanting soil was 28.57%, and soil available molybdenum content in Hong Zhuang Yang and Lian Cun was the lowest. The average boron content in Yexian County tobacco was 27.51 mg/kg, and the lowest boron content of tobacco leaves was in Deng Li. The average zinc content in Yexian County tobacco was 19.11 mg/kg, and the lowest zinc content of tobacco leaves was in Hong Zhuang Yang, Shui Zhai and Ye Yi. The average molybdenum content in Yexian County tobacco was 0.27 mg/kg. Among them, tobacco molybdenum content of Long Quan and Xia Li was the lowest. [Conclusion] The study had certain theoretical and practical significance for the reasonable application of trace element fertilizer to increase yield and quality of tobacco leaves in Yexian County fluecured tobacco production.
  Key words Tobacco; B; Zn; Mo; Agronomic properties; Yield; Output value
  烟草是产量和品质兼顾的经济作物,不但要求有适宜的产量,而且要求有较好的品质。烟叶品质的优劣不仅受到品质因素的制约,而且受到气候、土壤、栽培和烘烤技术的影响。而栽培措施中的施肥因素对烟叶产量和品质的影响最为显著。平衡和谐的矿质营养供应对于特色优质烟叶品质的形成十分重要[1-2]。在烤烟生长发育和品质形成的过程中,除了氮磷钾大量元素,硼锌钼等微量元素对烤烟也具有重要的生理作用。有报道指出,硼、锌、钼等微量元素能够协调烟株生理代谢,改善烟株植物学性,根系发达,烟叶提前落黄,烤后油份足、身份好,增质增产[3-6]。河南省人多地少,烟粮争地矛盾突出,烟田连作严重,加之长期大量投入氮磷钾肥料,未注重土壤微量元素肥料的补充,土壤中营养元素的不平衡或缺乏问题日益突出,已成为影响烟叶质量进一步提高的重要因素,而且随着烟叶生产的发展,这个问题将变得越来越突出[7-8]。
  河南省平顶山市叶县作为典型的浓香型烟叶产区,是贵州中烟工业的原料基地单元,负责为贵州中烟提供充足、优质的原料保障服务。通过对叶县植烟土壤与烤烟的全面取样和分析,笔者研究了叶县植烟土壤和烟叶中硼、锌、钼微量元素含量的分布状况,对于推动叶县烟区合理施用微肥、提高浓香型烟叶产量、改善烟叶品质具有重要的理论和实践意义。

相关热词搜索:平顶山市 烟土 叶县 烟叶 含量

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