高考英语短文改错技巧
发布时间:2017-01-20 来源: 短文摘抄 点击:
高考英语短文改错技巧篇一:高考英语短文改错 解题技巧
高考英语短文改错
常见错误类型解题技巧
1. 动词时态
每年都有时态错误的小题,而且改动基本集中在一般过去时与一般现在时之间。时态的更改要以上下文的主体时态为依据。
(1)(2003全国卷)She liked it very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was...
84. read
(and连接并列谓语)
(2)(2004江苏卷)At once I apologize and controlled myself... 83. apologized (and连接并列谓语)
(3)(2004全国卷) Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class,... 82. talk (根据sometimes可判断此句为一般现在时)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)I will write again and send you the photos we take together.85. took
(把照片寄给你,应该是已经拍好的,用过去时)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅰ) There are advantage for students to work while studying at school. One of them was that they can earn money. 77. is
(从上下文判断,应该是现在时,谓语用is)
(6)(2005江苏卷)We named him Jack and keep him for about three years. 76. kept (and连接并列谓语)
2. 名词单复数
单复数互改是高考英语改错题的基本题型之一,改动的依据有:一是根据名词前的修饰限定成份;二是根据上下文的逻辑关系。
(1)(2003全国卷)Their word were a great encouragement to me. 85. words
(是把word改为words 还是把were改为was,根据名词前的修饰限定词their来决定。)
(2)(2004江苏)that was a dinner we had waited for several month. 85. months (several修饰复数名词)
(3)(2004全国卷Ⅰ) a few minute on the Internet. 77. minutes
(a few修饰复数名词)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)But one and a half year later. 79. years
(one and a half意思为一年半,故判断此处year应为复数形式)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)There are advantage for students to work... 76. advantages (从there are 判断应该用名词复数)
3. 句子结构
句子结构方面的错误范围庞大,解答高考英语改错题主要可以从以下几方面来思考:1)句子结构是否完整,成份是否冗缺;2)单词的词性与其在句中的功能是否相符;3)主谓一致;4)复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。
(1)(2004 全国卷)I won’t be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon. 78. because/as
(复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词运用不当)
(2)(2004 全国卷Ⅱ) I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me. 81. why (复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词运用不当)
(3)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)For the most part, students working to earn money for their own use.
78. work
(缺谓语动词)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything if they like.
79. allows
(主语是动名词短语Earning their own money,谓语应该用单数)
(5)(2005江苏卷)But the most wonderful thing about Jack were his musical ability. 84. was
(主语是第三人称单数)
4. 赘述
高考英语改错题中的赘述是指在一些固定表达中或从上下文逻辑来看用了多余的词,从而使句子表达不合规范或造成逻辑上的重复。
(1)(2003全国卷80)I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day.
80. should
(并列谓语,should多余)
(2)(2004 全国卷)Can you tell me about what I should do?85. about
(tell sb about/of sth或tell sb接从句)
(3)(2004重庆卷)I had to look up to the same word many times, ... 78. to
(look up a word查字典)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)Some students may also to save up for their college or future use. 84. to (情态动词may后接动词原形)
(5)(2005江苏卷) But for the most wonderful thing about Jack was his musical ability. 83. for (but是连词for是介词,不能并列)
5. 固定结构(固定句型、固定短语、固定搭配)
所谓固定结构是指英语中一些不能随意更改的习惯表达。如固定短语中的词不能缺,固定搭配要前后一致等。
(1)(2003全国卷81)Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was ... 81. talking (enjoy doing为固定短语)
(2)(2004 全国卷Ⅰ)I am sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. 79. at (laugh at sb. 固定短语)
(3)(2004 浙江卷)from friends can all provide you for stamps from all over the world.
82. with
(provide ... with为固定短语)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)I am writing to thank you with your kind help. 76. for
(thank sb for sth)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅰ) or for permission to do things by money. 83. with
(with money)
6. 冠词
英语中冠词只有三个,从高考英语改错题的角度来看,只能从以下几个方向出题:1)不定冠词a和an互改;2)不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改;3)根据需要增删冠词。
(1)(2004 全国卷Ⅲ)I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend. 77. the (根据句义是特指这个周末)
(2)(2004江苏卷)When I was ∧boy, ... 76. ∧a
(我是一个男孩,应用不定冠词 a.)
(3)(2004 辽宁卷)This was my first visit to a English family. 78. an
(English开头字母是元音,应该用an)
(4)(2004重庆卷)I started writing down words from ∧ books that I read.82. ∧the (名词后由从句修饰时,应使用定冠词)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)I hope you’ve had∧pleasant journey home and will come to China
83. ∧a
7. 代词
代词不仅要与其所指代对象一致,其运用还要符合上下文的语气及逻辑关系。
(1)(2004 浙江卷)And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own ... 78. their
(指代对象应一致)
(2)(2004湖北卷)You have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. 83. them (pupils 是复数,后应该用替代复数名词的代词。)
(3)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)Some students may also save up for our college or future use. 85. their (指代对象应一致)
(4)(2005江苏卷)We often play a trick on himself. 79. him
(play a trick on sb)
8. 连词及与并置问题
连词连接的前后两部分是否合乎逻辑;并列连词所连接的前后两部分结构是否等同。这两点是解答连词及其相关问题的关键所在。
(1)(2004江苏卷)My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. 79. and (从句意可知,此处表并列关系,应用and)
(2)(2004全国卷Ⅳ)My class will be over by then or I will pick you up there. 82. and (并列关系,“于是、同时、然后”等意思)
(3)(2004全国卷Ⅱ)I would describe myself as shy and quietly. 77. quiet
(连接的词性应一致)
9. 易混淆的词或词组
易混淆的词既包括词意相同或相近的同义词、近义词,也包括外形相似、意义有别的词组。易混淆词或词组的辨析也是高考改错题中不容忽视的部分。
(1)(2004全国卷Ⅰ)Finding information on the Net is easily. 83. easy (be easy 非常容易,形容词做表语)
(2)(2004福建卷)She called 119 immediate. 84. immediately
(副词做状语)
(3)(2003全国卷)I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.
78. everything
(在陈述句中一般用everything)
(4)(2004 重庆卷)...but I had terribly problems memorizing them. 77. terrible (作定语应用形容词)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)My pronunciation was terribly. 78.terrible
(系动词后用形容词作表语)
以上错误类型的划分不一定很科学,但至少能为考生解答高考英语改错题提供思考方法。一旦考生认清了高考英语改错题的特点、解题方法以及错误类型,解题时就不会盲目从事,而能做到有的放矢。
短文改错题常见的错误类型
1、冠词的多用、少用、混用。
2、名词 的数与格的误用。
3、主谓不一致的错误。学生往往容易忽视定语从句中强调句型中的主谓一致性。
4、代词的指代不一致的错误。代词的指代一致性包括人称、数、格和性四方面的统一。代词的人称可分为第一、二、三人称和非人称;代词的数分为单数和复数;代词的格分为主格、宾格、所有格还有名词性物主代词;代词的性分为阳性、阴性和中性。
5、动词的时态、语态和语气的误用。多数动词有时态、语态、和语气变化形式,还有上下文的时态呼应,主从句的时态一致。
6、非谓语动词的误用。非谓语动词的难点主要体现在V—ing形式和过去分词的用法区别、V—ing形式与不定式的用法区别、以及非谓语动词的时态、语态的正确运用。
7、形容词、副词的混用及其比较等级的误用。形容词一般在句中作定语修饰名词或代词,作表语说明主语的(来自:www.zhaoQt.NeT 蒲公英文摘:高考英语短文改错技巧)性质、特征;而副词的作用较复杂,常常修饰形容词 、副词 、介词短语、动词或全句。形容词和副词比较等级的误用现象:①省略不当;②自身比较;③修饰语的误用;④than连接的两个比较对象不一致或不平行。
8、关联词语的误用。关联词分并列连词 and,but,or,so,when等,从属连词——各种从句的引导词。关联词语的误用除涉及到其基础知识,还涉及至行文逻辑关系。短文改错题惯用的命题手法是:①and,but,or,so等之间的混用;②because与so并用;③although与but并用;④why 与because并用;⑤come与go混用;⑥here与there混用。
9、平行结构的误用。平行结构是指用一连串作用和结构相同的或相似的成份表达同一范畴或同一性质、密切关联的内容。平行结构有词之间的平行、词组之间的平行、句子或从句之间的平行、段落之间的平行。在平行结构中常用的并列连词 有and,but,or,than等。
10、成分的多与少——多一词或少一词。多或少的词语,常见于冠词、介词、不定式标记to等,不过有时也可能是实义词。在短文改错中常出现repeat back,serve for等错误。这类错误大多由于学生受汉语表达习惯的影响,或对英语词义的理解不够准确造成的。
11、固定搭配、习惯用法和介词的误用。短文改错中涉及到固定搭配、习惯用法常常多用、少用或误用其中的介词,有时也涉及到其中的动词、冠词的错误搭配。
短文改错题常见的错误类型剖析
1、多词
①多冠词。I caught a sigh of my English in the crowd。[析]sight是不可数名词,且cath sight of是固定搭配,意为“看见”。故应去掉a。
②多介词。We practice for three times every week。此例中是作时间状语的名词短语多了介词,故应去掉for
③固定搭配中多词。I was used to watch it 。此 例属于used to do 与be used to两个固定搭配的误用,据句意应去was。即“过去常常”之意。
④行文逻辑上多词。First,let me tell you something more about myself .由first可知是刚刚开始向别人讲述自己的事情,故只能说something ,而不要加more.
⑤词义重复。I’ll spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it. the whole weekend 意为“整个周末”,再加上all ,词义重复。故去all.
⑥出现冗言现象。Today I visited the Smiths __my first time visit to an American family . 本句中first 修饰visit ,vsit 此处为名词,意为“我的第一次访问”,time多余。
2、缺词
①名词前缺限定词。The day before the speech contest English teacher talked to me .根据上下文分析,此处English teacher 是有所指的,指的是“我的”英语教师,故应English teacher 前加上my ,表达一个更确切的概念。
②缺动词不定式符号to. I’d like very much come but I have an examination on Monday morning .would like 后面不能直接加动词,需to,构成固定搭配would like to do something,意为“想做某事”。
③缺系动词。What your favorite sport ?本句缺谓语动词,应在What后面加is .
短文改错的解题步骤
1、通读短文,把握文意。快速阅读短文,了解短文大意,利用短文大意攻克文中的错误,切忌拿到短文提笔就改。2、依据句意和语法逐句判断。错误是按行设置的,但找错不是以行为单位寻找,必须依据句意和语法分析,逐句或跨行寻找错误。3、先易后难,逐类排查。先找出比较明显的错误,逐步缩小 错误的范围。十行之中有一行是正确的。4、利用行文逻辑,突破改错难点。有些行文逻辑错误,从词法、句法的角度看是正确的,但是通过上下文的逻辑分析就会发现是错误的。
5、复读短文,检查答案,注意行文逻辑关系的正确合理。
6、严格按照试题要求答题,万万不能随心所欲解题。
短文改错的解题技巧
1、利用排除法进行短文改错,所谓“排除法”就是在理解单句或短文大意基本把握住文章整体时态的前提下,行不离句,句不离文,将句子分成若干语段,逐一排除,使错误缩小到最小范围。再根据基础知识进行扩散性思考,从而快速找到答案。
2、发现有平行结构,就要检查是否有用词不一致或因成分短缺而引起的句子不平衡错误。如:She was eating her sandwich and drank her milk at the table when I arrived .此句中并列的平行结构是两个语法上相同的谓语,故应把drank改drinking.
3、发现有比较结构,就要检查是否有形容词、副词的比较级,比较的对象等方面的错误。如:In some places you can borrow many books as you want ,根据上下文不难发现该句含“as??as”结构的句子,所以应在many前加上as。
4、发现有转折、因果、对比等结构时,就要检查是否有行文逻辑方面的错误。如:His company publishes books and he buys books all over the world .按行文逻辑,应把buys 改sells.又如:I like singing ,my brother likes dancing .英语中两个分句之间不能仅仅用逗号,而要用合适的连词连接。故以上两个分句之间要加上连词while 表示对比。
5、发现句子有多重结构,就要检查是否有时态、语态、连词或成分短缺等错误。如:He wrote to me immediately as soon as he got there .该句犯了连词重复使用的错误,应去掉immediately.
6、发现有特殊疑问句结构,就要检查是否有疑问词使用不当的错误。如:---How many was the price of your car ?---I bought the car at cheap price ,only S2,000.英语中问价格时,可用what price 或how much 提问。回答时常用high price low price .所以应把句子中的How many 改为What ,把答句中cheap 改为low.
7、发现有名词和代词时,就要检查是否有数、所有格或指代不一致的错误。如:Some people read the books or watch TV, while others have sports .去掉books前的the ,books在此表示泛指。
8、发现有固定短语时,就要检查副词、介词、冠词是否使用错误。如:Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd .caught sight of (看见)是固定词组,所以要去掉a.
高考英语短文改错技巧篇二:高中英语短文改错解题技巧
短 文 改 错 技 巧
“短文改错”题是各类考试中的一个重要题型。尽管该题难度不大,但仍有一些同学在做此类题目时不得要领,因而得分甚少。本文结合高考试题(出处被略去),对“短文改错”题中的常见错误加以分析,从中找出命题者设置错误的规律并介绍一些解题技巧。
名词方面的错误多指名词单复数形式的误用,可数名词与不可数名词的错误,名词所有格中“’s”的误置等。例如:
1. He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.
2. In summer, the sea under the blue skies is even more beautiful.
3. ... you’ve been settled down in Boston and are getting used to the local ways of life.
4. ... but she marked strictly on student’s actual performance ...
动词错误在短文改错中所占比重最大,它所涉及的错误包括动词的时态、语态错误;易混动词的用法错误;动词的第三人称单数错误;动词的非谓语形式,以及动词的句型搭配错误等。在改错题中,动词方面的考查比例较大。例如:
1. The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon ...
2. I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.
3. How about join us? The camp is at the foot of a small hill.
4. I’ll send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport.
这类错误多指误用形容词修饰形容词,误用副词修饰名词,误用形容词修饰动词,误用形容词或副词的原级、比较级和最高级以及误用带-ly的副词与不带-ly的副词等,特别注意根据上下文该用比较级而未用的“暗中比较”。例如:
1. They came back lately and had some tea.
2.... you always gave me specially attention ...
3. ... they fly down immediate and catch them without delay.
4. Yes,it is clearly that your life in your country is quite different from ...
5. I know you are particular interested in Human Rights.
6. Last year, my English teacher proved to be the more popular in our school.
短文改错中出现连词就要判断连词用的是否正确,是否符合句子意思;连接的是词还是句子,是否符合逻辑关系。此外如果是平行结构就要注意前后时态、语态、词性一致问题平行结构常借助与并列连词and, or, but, not only…but also…, …not…but…, either…or…, neither …nor…, as well as等,though不与but连用,because不与so连用等。
1. It started to rise higher again. So it was still too close to the water.
2. I became very active but made new friends.
3. My hometown is a pretty city, so people there are kind and polite.
4. While they find fish come to the surface, they fly down immediately.
5. Both your aunt or I look forward to seeing you again.
这类错误主要包括形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的误用,关系代词、连接代词的误用,代词主格与代词宾格的误用,代词单数与代词复数的误用,各个不定代词之间的误用,反身代词与代词宾格之间的误用,代词的指代错误,定语从句中多用代词等。
1. ... the men threw away most of his clothes to save themselves.
2. a lot of white birds come to my city for food. I can wait patiently above the sea for quite a long ...
3. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child,they will go hungry.
4. That night, we sat down to what they thought would be a pleasant, uninterrupted ...
5. I just smiled to me and thought ...
6.... your life in your country is quite different from me.
7. Everybody sleeps in tents, that is very exciting.
这类错误多指漏掉介词、多用介词或介词与其他词语搭配的错误等。例如:
1. The crowd waiting for to greet them in England was very surprised ...
2. He was looking for a glass the cupboard.
3. After autumn arrives,the city looks as an old man with leaves ...
4. ... he can no longer expect others to pay his food, his clothes ...
5. On the front door stood a five-year-old boy from across the street.
6. Could you share your experience for us?
7. My mother was a career woman and had her own problems to take care.
这类错误多指a(n)与the的误用,a与an的误用。有时也表现为:单数可数名词前面该用冠词的地方缺少冠词,不该用冠词的地方多了冠词。例如:
1. An American and a Frenchman decided to cross the sea between France and England in the
balloon in 1784.
2.... the popular teacher is at same time the one who should be strict with ...
3. And if he breaks the law of society ..., he may go to the prison.
4.... so we will have plenty of spare time to visit the area and have a fun.
这类错误主要为现在时态与过去时态、主动语态与被动语态的误用。做题时,应注意把握文中动词时态的呼应规律,注意把握诸个并列动词的时态、语态的呼应规律。例如:
1. We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel before.
2. Today,I got a letter that said I had been admitting to a college.
3. We hung a sign on the front door that was read: “We’re having dinner ...”
4.... sometimes all that is need is someone to rely on.
5. I’ll send my friend Charlie to meet you at the airport when you arrived.
这类错误主要指主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词形式的错误。因此做题时,要注意谓语动词的形式要和句子主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如:
1. “I just want to know what the sign say.”
2. Anyone can borrow books if he or she wish.
3. Here are the information about Manchester University.
4. What may surprise you are that I’m going to ...
主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配;副词、动词的固定搭配;及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物动词后少介词,英语中的一些固定句型与习惯搭配等。
1. My teacher advised me to keep my diary. keep a diary是固定搭配,意思是“写日记”.
2. In my surprise, he did very well in his previous job.To one’s surprise 是固定搭配
3. I thought that was dull to watch a game… 此题考查it的功能,It + be + adj. + to do为固定结构。
要想做好“短文改错”题,不妨试试分成“四步走”,遵循“四原则”,实施“四查法”。具
字逐行地进行修改。
后再根据具体语境,仔细分析判断,将注意力集中在较难的句子上。
用法要记住;句子结构多分析,逻辑错误须关注”的口诀行事。
全文,并利用语感来做最后的判断。
纵观近几年的“短文改错”题,正确的地方只有一处;多词和缺词的地方约有3处;用错词的地方一般有6个,且多为动词。这种比例或许也能帮助你做出最后判断。
题要求每行只能改动一处,改动的方法可以是增词、删词或换词,但无论作何种改动,只能是增加一词、减少一词或把一个词改成另一个词。当然,没有错误的行无需改动。也就是说,每行改动之处不能超过一个。
实词的词义,也不能将其改换成另一个实词,更不能随便增删。例如:
① The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon ... (把keeps改为keeping) ② Yes, it is clearly that your life in your country is quite different from ... (把clearly改为clear)
3至4处。这些需要添、删的词一般都是虚词(如冠词、介词等),不是实词(如动词、名词等),否则会改变句子的原意。例如:
① They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early ... (删去that)
② He was looking for a glass the cupboard. (the前面加in)
应该针对短文中的用词错误、语法错误、逻辑错误加以改正,不应更改作者的原意。做到换词不改意,加词不增意,去词不减意。如有多种改法,应以保持原意为条件,择其佳者而从之。例如:
But I have spent most my money, so I cannot… 改正:在my前加of。也有同学去掉most,这种改法虽改正了语法错误,但改变了原意。作者想说的是“花掉了大部分的钱,而不是全部”。
还要看该名词前面是否缺限定词、该用何种限定词,尤其要查名词前冠词的使用情况。当名词前面有形容词修饰时更要加倍注意。例如: Your knowledges of Greece can help the whole class. (把knowledges改为knowledge)
尤其要根据上下文所提供的时间信息,仔细推敲,从而选用正确的动词时态形式。例如: (2006天津) I gained so much confidence that I go back to school ... (把go改为went)
应在文中使用各种启承转合的连词。这些连词能使文章在结构上和意义上通顺流畅。例如: It started to rise higher again. So it was still too close to the water. (把So改为But)
“理顺”指行文逻辑符合人们普遍认可的道理。例如: (NMET 2006) The air keeping the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was coming up. (把第二个up改为down) 总之,强语言基础知识的学习,多做有针对性的训练。
高考英语短文改错技巧篇三:2014高考英语短文改错破题技巧
2014高考英语短文改错破题技巧
一、解题思路(三步解题法):
第一步、快速浏览全文,把握文章的主要时态、人称及文章的主旨大意,顺便标记自己一眼就能看出的错误。
第二步、细读文章的每一句话。一般要结合文章的前后句以及出题规律来做题。第三步、代入已经修改完成的答案通读全文,看其是否通顺。
二、出题规律以及破解关键:
1.动词:
(1)主要考察能力:时态、主谓是否一致、固定搭配。
(2)出题形式:
①时态混用
ie, Then the trouble started. We can not open the door. So we asked the policeman for help.讲解:很显然此句子主时态是一般过去式,因此应把can改为could。
②主谓不一致
ie, There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening.
讲解:原句中a football game决定了谓语动词必须用单数,所以应该把were改为was。③固定搭配
ie, I have given up somke. The dog doesn‘t like the smell.
讲解:give up doing sth。因此动词somke应该改为somking。
2.名词:
(1)主要考察能力:单复数混用。
(2)出题形式:
单复数混用ie, Helen is seventeen year old. She is very busy.
讲解:―年龄多大了‖应该为复数形式,应此应该把year改为years。
注意:代词单复数混用类似。
As for a friendship, we can readily find them in our classmates and other people around us.讲解:显然因该把them改为it,指代前面提及的friendship。此句话意思是―就友谊来说,我们可以很容易地从我们的同学和周围的人中找到。‖
3.形容词/副词
(1)主要考察能力:两者之间是否混用。
(2)出题形式:
形容词与副词混用。即该用形容词的地方原文用了副词,该用副词的地方原文用了形容词。
①副词代替正确形容词出现在文章当中
ie, During the football season, Helen is much busier than usually.
讲解:很明显―与平时相比较更忙‖,因此需要把usually改为usual。
②形容词代替正确副词出现在文章当中
ie, As the time clock showed one minute and forty-two seconds leaft in the game, she began cheering excited, ―Come on-get going!‖
讲解:原文意思是说比赛还剩一分四十二秒时,她开始兴奋地叫道-----,显然应把excited改为excitedly,用来修饰动词cheer。
4.介词
(1)主要考察能力:(特别是与动词的)固定搭配。
(2)出题形式:
①介词省略
ie, I‘m surt you will get rid the sorrow and unhappiness caused by the disaster.
讲解:get rid of 是固定搭配,意思为―摆脱,除去‖
②介词多余
ie,My wife is also happy because of I have given up smoking.
讲解:这里显然示对because of与because用法的辨别区分。前者不能接句子,而后者充当连词可以接句子。所以应该把of去掉。
③介词用错(一般为固定搭配)
ie, I pick out her false hair and said, ―Don‘t be sad, Miss.‖
讲解:pick out应该为pick up。pick out挑选的意思;pick up捡起的意思。
5.连词
(1)主要考察能力:前后两句话之间的衔接关系。
常考三种关系:
but转折and并列 because原因
①ie, One day, my wife and I went shopping at a store. We drove the car but we had a lot of things to buy. 讲解:显然原文中所要表达的意思是―我们开车去的原因是因为我们要买好多东西‖,所以应该把but改为because/as/for。
②ie,Chatting on line, students can more freely express their feelings and opinions, but
improve their English if they are talking with native speakers. 讲解:原文表达的意思是―通过网上聊天,学生能够更加轻松自由地表达自己的想法和观点,并且如果他们同外国人交谈,能够提高他们的英语(论坛)水平。‖所以前后句之间是并列关系,因该把but改为and.
6.句式
(1)主要考察能力:常考that与what或which/how与what之间的转换。
(2)出题形式:
①ie, She never has enough time for that she wants to do. 讲解:原文意思是―她没有足够多的时间来做自己想做的事情‖,很明显应该把that改为what。注意:这一形式是改错常考点。②ie, We Chinese people have always been concerned about which has happened in your area. 讲解:原文中需要一个连接词承接前后连个句子,这个连接词充当be concerned about引导宾语从句中的主语,所以应该把which改为what。
7. 冠词
(1)主要考察能力:句中冠词是否多余
(2)出题形式:
①冠词多余
ie, I sat in the front of the TV at 7 o‘clock, when the game just began. 讲解:区分in front of sth和in the front of sth。解决这个问题记住一句顺口溜就可以了―有the是内无the是外‖,即in the front of sth显然是指在事物(sth)内部空间的前面,比如说I prefer to travel in the front of the car.(我愿意坐在汽车的前面);而in front of sth是指事物(sth)外部空间的前面,比如说the car stops in front of the house(汽车停在房前)。因此原文中应该把the去掉。
②冠词遗漏
As we all left home at early age, we met lots of problems in our daily life. 讲解:at an ---- age固定搭配词组,表示―出于---年龄‖,比如说at an early/tender age,可以翻译为―很小/年幼的时候‖.
8.代词
(1)主要考察能力:代词是否多余,以及与反身代词之间的混用。
(2)出题形式:
①代词多余
ie, Don‘t lose your heart. With the help of the people all over the world, I‘m sure you will get rid of the sorrow and unhappiness. 讲解:lose heart:become discouraged泄气;丧失勇气;而lose one‘s heart(to sb/st):fall in love爱上;钟情于。原文意思很明显是―别泄气‖。所以应该把your去掉。一字之差,离题千里。
②代词混用
ie, We were living in a big family. We treate each other as brothers and sisters. If any one of them had any difficulty, the other would help him or her out. 讲解: 原文意思是说―我们生活在一个大家庭之中,彼此间相处如同兄弟姐妹。如果我们之中谁有困难,其他人就会帮助他/她解决困难。‖所以应把them改为us;把other改为others。
注意:the other表示两者之中―另一个‖;the others表示在一个范围内的其他全部。 ③代词遗漏
A teacher could make classes lively and interesting. 讲解: 应该在classes前加his,表示―使他的课堂生动有趣‖。
动词
(1) He lied down by the side of the path to rest. (lied 改为 lay,lie 表示―躺‖时,其过去时是 lay) (全国卷)
(2) Charles and Linda were seeing near the top of the building. (seeing 改为 seen,因为从含义上看,此处谓语应用被动语态) (全国卷)
(3) Books may be keep for four weeks. (keep 改为 kept,因此处要用被动语态) (全国卷)
(4) …and let you know when the book you want has returned. (returned 之前加 been,因从句意上看,此处要用被动语态) (全国卷)
(5) Uncle Ben will also go back for Christmas. (go 改为 come,由句意可知) (全国卷)
(6) They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions. (eager 前加were,因此处缺谓语动词) (全国卷)
(7) I?d like to your pen-friend, and get to know more about your country. (to 后加 be / become,因 would like后要接不定式,根据句意此处应加 be / become) (全国卷)
(8) What your favourite sport? (what 后加 is 或将 What 改为 What?s,此句缺谓语) (全国卷)
(9) I use to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time, but now I am interested in football. (use to 改为 used to,此为习语,意为―过去经常‖) (全国卷)
(10) I was used to watch it every night. (去掉 was,因 used to do sth 是固定表达,意为―过去常常做……‖) (全国卷)
(11) There will an important game next month. (will 后加be,此处缺谓语动词) (安徽春季卷)
(12) Because of so much viewing, children may not be develop the habit of reading and the ability to enjoy themselves. (去掉 be,因它与其后的动词 develop 相冲突) (北京春季卷)
(13) I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day. (去掉 should,因 put 和 followed 是平行结构,作并列谓语) (全国卷)
(14) As we were all left home at an early age. (去掉were,因句中已有谓语动词left,―我们离开家‖又是主动,不能再加be) (天津卷)
(15) I often dream of a teacher. (a teacher 前加上 being 或 becoming.根据后文的内容看来,作者不是梦见老师,而是自己梦想―成为‖一名教师) (年湖北卷)
(16) Without enough knowledges,you can never learn well.(learn改为teach,因上句讲―为了教好,教师不得不学‖,此句便是―没有学问,就决不会教好‖) (年湖北卷)
主谓一致
(1) Bill was standing at the side of the car, talking to two men who was helping him to repair it. (was 改为 were,因先行词 two men 是复数,所以修饰该先行词的定语从句的谓语动词也应用复数) (全国卷)
(2) Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. (give 改为 gives,它与makes 为平行结构,构成并列谓语动词) (全国卷)
(3) Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library. (is 改为 are,因主语是 my picture and the prize,故谓语动词要用复数) (全国卷)
(4) But then there is always more mysteries to look into. (is 改为 are,因其后的 mysteries 为复数,故谓语动词要用复数) (北京春季卷)
(5) But not allinformation are good to society. (are改为is,因为主语是不可数名词information,表单数) (广西卷)
(6) So then, a concert cost so much. I may just listen to music. (cost改为costs,因主语是单数a concert,根据全文用的都是现在的时态,故用一般现在时) (年四川卷)
(7) If I listen to my own records, there are no need to spend money. (are改为is,因为在there be结构中的be用is还是用are,由紧跟在be后的那个名词的单复数来决定,此处no need是单数,所以用is) (四川卷)
(8) …youwill probably want to join the Stamp Collectors? Club which exist to add more stamps to your collection. (exist改为exists,因主语which是指the Stamp Collectors‘ Club,这是单数,所以用exists) (浙江卷)
(10) One evening she told me that something happened when their parents was out. (was改为were,因为主语their parents是复数,所以不用was要用were) (年福建卷)
2013高考英语单词联想记忆
一
adventure ;n.& vt.
:venture 冒险;投机 risk; danger; adventurous adj.喜欢冒险的;充满危险的
airplane ;n. aircraft 飞行器;飞机;
disappoint ;v. 指定;委派
argue ;vi. 争论;争吵
discuss;
brave ;adj. 勇敢的;
care about担心;关心care for 喜欢;
cast vt.& vi. 投掷;投射;抛 (cast,cast) 广播
compass ;n. 罗盘;指南针pass 通过;经过
deserted adj.
荒芜的;荒废的;为人所弃的; desert 沙漠; dessert甜点;drop sb a line给某人写信(通常指写短信)
e-pal; ;n. pale苍白的; e-friend;
error ;n. 错误;差错;false adj. 错误的;fault n.错误false; incorrect不正确的
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