回眸全运(之四):超新星全运会

发布时间:2020-03-11 来源: 短文摘抄 点击:

  六年的期待――七运会      在七运会之前,国家曾确定全运会4年一届,都是在奥运会的前一年举行,即体育健儿全运会练兵、检阅后再登奥运赛场一搏。然而,每逢全运会,各省市代表团无不在争夺金牌和奖牌中竭尽全力,残酷竞争,其结果反而影响转年奥运会的成绩。在“奥运金牌”战略的指导思想下,当时的国家体委决定,把全运会的举办时间改为奥运会后的一年。由于巴塞罗那奥运会在1992年,第七届全运会即延迟到1993年举行,距离上一届整整6年。
  1993年,七运会与上届全运会时隔6年之后在北京和成都举行。该届会徽整体造型是一个火炬,火焰由罗马字母 VII(七)字变型而成,炬柄成跑道造型,火炬下端标明七运会的时间、地点。这届全运会就已经开始完全的市场化运作,会徽的制作是通过进行市场招标而诞生的。
  七运会共设置金牌374枚;银牌367枚;铜牌362枚。一年前,在1992年巴塞罗那奥运会上,中国体育代表团首次夺得16块金牌,步入世界体育强国之列。本届全运会共计4人4次创4项世界记录;18人4队43次超21项世界记录;4人4次平3项世界记录;54人1队93次创34项亚洲记录;61人3队143次超66项亚洲记录;130人14队273次创117项全国记录。
  与前六届全运会相比,七运会产生了两个之最:第一,承办地区最多。第七届全运会首次由多个地区共同承办,分设北京和四川两个主赛区。在全部的43个比赛项目中,北京承办包括田径、游泳、体操等总共26个项目;四川承办了包括跳水、水球、花样游泳等项目在内的15个比赛项目。另外,秦皇岛市承办了帆船和帆板两个项目。第二,比赛时间最长。四川赛区的比赛是在1993年8月15日至24日举行的,北京赛区的比赛于1993年9月4日至9月15日举行,总共22天。虽然本届全运会首次由三地协办,京川相隔千山万水,但在多方共同的努力下,七运会依然有条不紊地进行。
  第七届全运会的一个突出现象,是奥运冠军们的回归。高敏等昔日的奥运冠军,在各方的努力下,重回全运赛场。虽然他们已经远离赛场多年,竞技状态也难复当年之勇,但在大赛经验上,普通运动员仍然难以望其项背。实际上,奥运冠军逢全运会复出这种现象,在之前早已有之,不过在七运会上显得尤为突出,之后高水平运动员选择在全运会上“回馈”培养自己的地方队,便形成了一种“全运现象”。值得一提的是,围棋、航空航海模型、无线电测向等群众、军事项目在本届作了最后的演出。在此后的全运会中,这些项目再也没有出现过。
  在本届全运会上,辽宁队以44块金牌首次登顶,“马家军”的神奇表演也长久地留在人们的记忆中。广东以29块金牌名列第二,上海26金排名第三。
  
  新上海 新全运――八运会
  
  1997年10月12日-24日,中华人民共和国第八届运动会在上海举行。这是二十世纪中国最后一次体育盛会,31个省、直辖市、自治区,香港特别行政区,解放军以及13个行业体协共46个代表团参加了这次运动会。香港作为中国特别行政区首次组团参加全运会,派出了168名运动员与内地选手同场竞技,首次参赛便以两枚金牌的佳绩在奖牌榜上排第26位,并获得了体育道德风尚奖。
  当时,新近设立的直辖市重庆也首次单独组团。参赛单位为历届全运会之最。国际奥委会主席萨马兰奇应中国奥委会主席伍绍祖之邀,乘飞机抵达上海,观摩第八届全国运动会。
  本届全运会是新中国成立后上海第二次承办的大型综合性运动会。会徽图案由代表八运会的8和代表上海的汉语拼音字母“S”重新组合,图形外围是红色的“8”,中心形成一个白色的“S”,视觉上像一把火炬,又像一朵上海市花白玉兰;下半部分以“8”字为基础,像上海8万人体育馆,一环套一环,象征着全国人民大团圆。
  这次全运会采取了6项改革措施,一是突出奥运会项目,28个大项中除武术以外全部是奥运会项目;二是允许人才合理交流,各省相互交流运动员达1000余人,上海从外省引进运动员101人,输出99人;三是给解放军、四川、重庆三队以双重计分的优惠;四是给球类集体项目记双牌双分;五是给打破奥运会项目世界纪录者追加金牌;六是允许将上届奥运会的奖牌计入运动员所在的代表团。八运会上采取的各项改革措施对以后的中国体育发展进程影响深远。
  时隔14年之后,全运会重回上海。而此时身处改革开放最前沿的上海,跟当年的举办五运会时相比,已经完全不能等量齐观。新建的8万人体育场,成为万众瞩目的焦点。八运会,8万人,这个吉祥的数字符号一直贯穿在全运会始终。
  本届全运会上,还出现另一个“八万人”队伍。有8万志愿者参与了八运会的服务,他们不计报酬,全心全意地为八运会服务。如此高水平的志愿者服务,在全运会的历史上可谓史无前例。
  八运会田径赛场格外引人注目。马俊仁执教的“马家军”包揽了女子8000-10000米的所有金牌,女飞人李雪梅的百米成绩甚至超过当年世界锦标赛百米冠军琼斯,在这届全运会上,共有179人659次超41项世界纪录。其中16人19次打破7项奥运会项目世界纪录,4人4次平3项世界纪录,成为打破世界纪录最多的一届全运会。东道主上海力夺42金,首次排名第一,辽宁夺得39.5块金牌,排名第二,而山东也以25金历史性地进入三甲。
  
  Looking Back on the National Games
  Six Years of Expectation―The Seventh National Games
  In 1993, six years after the Sixth National Games, the Seventh National Games was held in Beijing and Chengdu. The emblem of the Seventh National Games was a torch. The flames of the torch formed the distorted shape of the Roman number VII. The torch handle was the shape of a running track. At the bottom of the torch were recorded the time and location of the Seventh National Games.
  Compared with the previous National Games, two records were created at the Seventh National Games. First, the greatest number of regions were hosting the events. For the first time, the Seventh National Games were co-hosted by many regions. Two main stadia were established in Beijing and Sichuan. Moreover, Qinhuangdao City hosted the racing events of sailing and sailboarding. Second, the longest schedule of events.
  A remarkable phenomenon of the Seventh National Games was the return of the Olympic gold medalists. Thanks to the efforts made by the people concerned, former Olympic champions like Gao Min returned to the arenas. What is worthy of being mentioned that the events such as go, aviation and navigation model, and amateur radio direction finding, performed their swan song at this National Games.
  
  New Shanghai, New National Games―The Eighth National Games
  On October 12-24, 1997, the Eighth National Games was held in Shanghai, which as the last grand sports event China held at the end of the 20th century. Forty-six delegations from 31 provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the PLA and 13 professional sports associations participated in the Games. The newly established municipality of Chongqing sent a team to participate in the Games for the first time. At the invitation of Chairman Wu Shaozu of the China Olympic Committee, Chairman Juan Antonio Samaranch of the International Olympic Committee flew to Shanghai to watch the Eighth National Games.
  Six reform measures were adopted at the Eighth National Games. First, prominence was given to Olympic items. Among the 28 major events, save for martial arts, all the items were Olympic sports. Second, reasonable talents exchanges were allowed. More than 1,000 athletes were exchanged by the provinces and municipalities. Shanghai imported 101 athletes from other provinces and exported 99. Third, preferential double scoring was given to the teams from the PLA, Sichuan and Chongqing. Fourth, double medals and double scores were awarded for team ball games. Fifth, additional gold medals were presented to any athletes who broke Olympic records. Sixth, the medals won at the previous Olympic Games were allowed to be counted for the delegations with Olympic medalists.

相关热词搜索:回眸 之四 回眸全运(之四) 全运之星 全运之星票选

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